July 2018 – Page 13 – Proceedings of the Texas A&M Medical Student Grand Rounds

Extracellular Vesicles in Peripheral Blood: Potential Biomarkers for Preclinical Alzheimer Disease

July 6, 2018 Kenneth A. Livingston

Kenneth A. Livingston Introduction: Disease-modifying interventions for Alzheimer Disease (AD) are suspected to be most efficacious in the earliest and asymptomatic, or preclinical, phase of the disease.1 To date, methods for reliably detecting pathologic changes of AD – mainly β-amyloid deposition in the brain – are invasive and expensive, requiring…

Neuroscience

Emerging technologies – Advances in tissue engineering using mesenchymal stem cells and scaffolds in rotator cuff repair.

July 6, 2018 Steven Maxwell

Austin Childress Rotator cuff (RC) injuries are the most common cause of shoulder disability and pain in athletes and older adults, and the second most common musculoskeletal pathology behind lower back injury.1,2 Partial and full thickness tears to the RC are associated with pain and instability and if left untreated…

Orthopedics Stem Cells

Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for the Reversal of Type 1 Diabetes

July 6, 2018 Kacie Kerlee

Kacie Kerlee Introduction. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease resulting in the destruction of beta-cells within the islet of Langerhans of the pancreas via macrophages and self-reactive CD4+ & CD8+ T-cells.2, 6, 7 This damage to the beta-cells results in a lack of insulin and thus hyperglycemia…

Endocrinology Stem Cells

Mechanism of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis Immunomodulation

July 6, 2018 Marie Trudelle

Marie Trudelle Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of joint synovium, leading to irreversible joint destruction1. The disease affects about 1.4 million Americans and over 25 million individuals worldwide, with higher rates observed in Native American populations and a prevalence 2.5 times that of…

Immunology

The Role of Estrogen in Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) through Upregulation of B-cell Activating Factor

July 6, 2018 Shruti Revankar

Shruti Revankar Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease that is characterized, broadly, by chronic inflammation, complement activation, auto-antibody production and immune-complex deposition1. SLE exhibits a strong gender bias, 10:1, skewed towards females. Some recent studies have discovered that trans-women were experiencing similar rates of SLE, post…

Immunology

The Role of Probiotics in the Use of Treatment for Autism Spectrum Disorder to Correct Intestinal Permeability and Behavior Abnormalities

July 6, 2018 Truce Pham

Truce Pham Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that affects an individual’s communication and interaction skills with an incidence of 1 in 59 in 20141,2. Because many causative factors have been attributed to ASD and none being a leading cause, there is no agreed upon treatment3.…

Microbiology Neuroscience

The Development of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

July 6, 2018 Caroline Goodner

Introduction. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia is a cancer of the myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow that results after a random translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22 forms an oncogenic BCR-ABL gene. This disease began to be successfully treated after the discovery of the drug Imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.…

Cancer