Taimur Hassan Background: Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor and has a median overall survivability (OS) of less than one year since diagnosis.1 Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene contribute to more than 50% of the cases where EGFR-related signaling…

Silguero Martin, Jr. Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and its variants make up to 90% of all cases of pancreatic cancer, which is lethal cancer affecting the pancreas with a 2% – 9% 5-year survival rate and is set to be the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the…

Sidharth Belaguli Background: Induction of angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer that begins early in tumor development and correlates strongly with malignant progression.1 The major pathway by which tumors induce angiogenesis is via hypoxia-induced secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), which binds VEGFR2 receptors on endothelial cells in…

Sairavish Akkineni Background: Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a lethal hematopoietic disease associated with increased proliferation of immature myeloid cells and bone marrow failure.1 There are approximately 21 thousand new cases annually which represent 1.2 percent of all cancer diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate is 28.3 percent with a 40…