Month: July 2020

Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on the Regulatory Control of miR-153 on Nuclear Factor I A/B in the Pathogenesis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

July 23, 2020 Lokeshwar S. Bhenderu
Lokeshwar S. Bhenderu Introduction: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term to describe the continuum of disorders due to prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)1,2. Estimates show that FASD affects 1.1 to 4.8% of school-aged children in the United States1. FASD leads to a range of clinical presentations from craniofacial…
Development Neuroscience

Repair of Bone Fracture Non-Union with BMP-2 Growth Factor on Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds

July 7, 2020 Amy Zhou
Amy Zhou  Introduction Fracture non-union (failure to heal) is a major clinical problem exhibiting a prevalence of 5-10% in bone fracture patients.(1) Currently, there are four options of bone fracture repair: autografts, allografts, xenografts, and synthetic bone scaffolds.(2) Synthetic bone scaffolds provide unique opportunities to simultaneously reduce graft rejection, prevent…
Orthopedics

Structural Mechanisms of PD-1 – SHP2 Signaling

July 7, 2020 Eric Zhang
Eric Zhang Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer globally, and the 4th most common cause of cancer mortality1. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) ranks as a major predisposing factor for the development of CRC, termed colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) when caused by inflammatory etiologies2. Src homology region…
Cancer

The Role of TREM2 in Microglial Activation, Phagocytic Function, and the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease

July 7, 2020 Macy Zardeneta
Macy Zardeneta Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease, the sixth leading cause of death and most common, known cause of dementia, displays molecular hallmarks including neurotoxic amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, resulting in brain atrophy, cognitive decline, and memory loss.1,2  Microglia, resident immune cells of the brain, have been noted to potentially…
Featured Abstracts Neuroscience

The Role of Selected MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in the Negative Regulation of Pediatric Retinoblastoma Progression

July 7, 2020 Ashtyn Zapletal
Ashtyn Zapletal Introduction. Retinoblastoma (Rb) is an autosomal dominant retinal cancer usually affecting children ages 15 months – 24 months, counting for roughly 9,000 new cases each year.1,2 Common treatments for Rb include intra-ophthalmic and intra-vitreal chemotherapy, as well as enucleation3. To mitigate the harsh side effects of these current…
Cancer

The Role and Mechanisms of lncRNA H19 in Osteoblast Differentiation; Consequence for Regeneration After Bone Trauma

July 7, 2020 M. Abby Yovic
Abby Yovic Introduction. The first step with any fracture is stabilizing and aligning the bone so that repair can start. Overall, fracture non-union rate is 4.93%. Recent research indicates MSCs provide options for cellular based therapies for bone repair due to their strong multipotentiality and regenerative properties. Maternally imprinted, lncRNA…
Orthopedics