Category: Orthopedics

The Role of TGF-β3 on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis and the Potential for Therapeutic Use in Osteoarthritis

August 12, 2020 Peter Duong
Peter Duong Osteoarthritis (OA), currently the most common form of arthritis, is a progressive degenerative disease affecting the joint cartilage and surrounding joint infrastructure1,2. Treatments for OA are limited to pain relief and functional rehabilitation1,2. Regeneration of cartilage in the affected joint(s) provide potential solutions to reverse degeneration of joint…
Orthopedics Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Suppress Cartilage Degradation via A WNT5A-Dependent Mechanism: Implications for Osteoarthritis Therapy

August 11, 2020 R. Kenneth Sims IV
Kenneth Sims IV Introduction.  Osteoarthritis (OA) is a “wear-and-tear” disease in which synovial joints, such as the knee or shoulder, degenerate over time. This disease can cause significant pain and immobility, and there is a need for therapy beyond symptomatic management.  Within the OA joint, chondrocytes lose the ability to…
Orthopedics Stem Cells

Repair of Bone Fracture Non-Union with BMP-2 Growth Factor on Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds

July 7, 2020 Amy Zhou
Amy Zhou  Introduction Fracture non-union (failure to heal) is a major clinical problem exhibiting a prevalence of 5-10% in bone fracture patients.(1) Currently, there are four options of bone fracture repair: autografts, allografts, xenografts, and synthetic bone scaffolds.(2) Synthetic bone scaffolds provide unique opportunities to simultaneously reduce graft rejection, prevent…
Orthopedics

The Role and Mechanisms of lncRNA H19 in Osteoblast Differentiation; Consequence for Regeneration After Bone Trauma

July 7, 2020 M. Abby Yovic
Abby Yovic Introduction. The first step with any fracture is stabilizing and aligning the bone so that repair can start. Overall, fracture non-union rate is 4.93%. Recent research indicates MSCs provide options for cellular based therapies for bone repair due to their strong multipotentiality and regenerative properties. Maternally imprinted, lncRNA…
Orthopedics

Use of Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Form Scaffold-Free Tissue Engineered Construct to Promote Repair of Knee Chondral Lesions to Prevent Development of Osteoarthritis

July 6, 2020 Victoria Hamilton
Victoria Hamilton  Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the world (global prevalence 3.8%) and significantly contributes to disability globally.1–3 OA of the knee (KOA) has the highest incidence in the body, with a lifetime risk of approximately 45%.3 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogenous stem cells…
Featured Abstracts Inflammation Orthopedics Stem Cells

Gli1+ Mediated Bone Repair Mechanisms: The Role of Gli1+ Mesenchymal Stem Cells within Calvarial Sutures in Craniofacial Bone Repair

July 6, 2020 Nicole Griggs
Nicole Griggs  Introduction. Craniofacial bones, including the bones of the face and calvarium, develop via intramembranous ossification due to the presence of little bone marrow1,2. Undifferentiated mesenchyme intervenes between calvarial bones to form sutures that remain active as sites of bone formation1,2. A critical sized defect will not heal without…
Featured Abstracts Orthopedics Stem Cells