Category: Inflammation

Exploring the Interplay Between Gut Microbiota, Inflammatory Pathways, and Osteoarthritis: The “Gut-Joint” axis and Implications for Therapeutic Development

June 25, 2024 Ecem Kilic
Ecem Kilic Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease affecting approximately 300 million individuals globally,1 with its prevalence increasing 113% since 19902. Pathological changes encompass cartilage and bone degradation, osteophyte formation, and synovial membrane inflammation. While biomechanical factors are well-known contributors, there is a growing recognition of systemic influences,…
Engineering Medicine Featured Abstracts Inflammation Microbiology

How Synergistically Inhibiting the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α) Pathways Can Lead to Better Outcomes in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

June 12, 2024 Marcus Stepney
Marcus Stepney Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that affects millions of patients worldwide 1. Patients suffering from Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tend to present with joint pain and swelling from the inflammation produced from macrophages that release proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α.1,2 The proinflammatory pathway nuclear factor-kappa…
Inflammation

Utilizing Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists to Modulate Neuroinflammation and Disease Progression in Parkinson’s Disease

June 12, 2024 Samuel Sobarzo
Samuel Sobarzo Background: Parkinson’s disease is the second most common form of neurodegenerative disease in the United States.1 Parkinson’s diseases can present with varying symptomatology, however some of the classical symptoms are bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and postural instability.1 Pathologically Parkinson’s Disease is the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the…
Featured Abstracts Inflammation Neuroscience

Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Applications of Resveratrol, a Naturally Occurring Polyphenol, in Rheumatoid Arthritis Management

June 5, 2024 Maryam Obaid
Maryam Obaid Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation affecting the synovial tissues of joints, cartilage, bones, and occasionally extra-articular surfaces like the heart, lungs, digestive, and nervous systems. Globally, RA affects approximately 18.5 million people, significantly impacting life expectancy and quality of life,…
Featured Abstracts Immunology Inflammation

Modulating Neuroinflammatory Responses After Traumatic Brain Injury to Prevent Development of Chronic Neurological Impairments

June 5, 2024 Mahita Nuthalapati
Mahita Nuthalapati Background: Following a TBI, the processes which result in prolonged cognitive and behavioral deficits, along with progression of the chronic neurodegeneration remain unclear. According to the CDC, these injuries often go unreported, untreated, and are particularly concerning for younger patients susceptible to experiencing chronic neurologic deficits which can…
Featured Abstracts Inflammation Neuroscience

Inhibition of the p38 MAPK Pathway to Reduce Neuroinflammation and Protein Accumulation in Alzheimer’s Disease

June 4, 2024 Darius Miranda-Sohrabji
Darius Miranda-Sohrabji Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) results in a profound loss of cognition and memory with increasing dependency upon caregivers to undertake activities of daily living. The hallmark pathological changes of AD are extracellular deposits of beta-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau.1 Currently, pharmacotherapy for AD…
Featured Abstracts Inflammation Neuroscience

Exploring the Pro-Inflammatory Cascade Associated with Psoriasis in the Down Syndrome Population

May 31, 2024 Abigail Medford
Abigail Medford Background: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have T cell dysregulation with abnormally elevated baseline pro-inflammatory and multiple overly activated immune cell types. Thus, they are much more likely to develop autoimmune inflammatory conditions.1 Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder marked by abnormal skin cell proliferation that frequently…
Featured Abstracts Immunology Inflammation

Role of Ephrin B2 (EphB2) and Postsynaptic Density Protein 95 (PSD-95) in Internalization and Stabilization of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Receptors in NMDAR Autoimmune Encephalitis

May 31, 2024 Alexis Magre
Alexis Magre Background: Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is characterized by an acute decline in cognitive function, psychiatric symptoms, seizures, and movement disorders.1-3  The main pathologic mechanism of anti-NMDAR encephalitis is internalization of NMDARs after autoantibodies bind to the GluN1 subunit which causes subsequent neuronal hypoactivity.2,3 There are few approved therapies…
Inflammation

Anti-Ro52 Autoantibodies’ Role in Autoimmune Disorders, Inflammatory Myopathies, and Interstitial Lung Disease

May 31, 2024 Ashleigh Little
Ashleigh Little Background: Autoimmune connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are disorders characterized by the immune system attacking the body’s tissues. These diseases can affect various organs and systems, leading to various clinical manifestations. This research specifically analyzed mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), and systemic sclerosis (SSc). Objectives: This review…
Featured Abstracts Immunology Inflammation Respiratory