Inhibition of PDE4 and PI3Kδ in Addition to Stimulation of Nuclear Hormone Receptor PPAR in Emphysema Caused By Smoking
Haani Tai Introduction. Smoking-related emphysema induces a disruption to many cellular signaling pathways especially related to inflammation. With inhibition of Phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) showing promising results for reducing inflammation as well as agonizing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) to induce an anti-inflammatory response and prevent a proinflammatory response.1 Methods. Two…