Mesenchymal Stem Cells Used for Their Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties to Treat and Hinder Progression of Osteoarthritis

Ryan James Background:  Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative disease seen in the world, with women being up to 40% more likely to develop the disease.1 The activation of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are directly responsible for the destruction of cartilage tissue in OA.1,2 In OA, proinflammatory cytokines…
Featured Abstracts Inflammation Orthopedics Stem Cells

Stem Cell Therapy for Pulmonary Fibrosis

Hailey Hunt Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible, progressive interstitial lung disease with minimal available treatments and poor prognosis yielding an average life expectancy of 3-5 years after diagnosis. 1,2 IPF is characterized by the persistence of profibrotic growth factors resulting in excessive deposition of collagen in the…
Featured Abstracts Inflammation Stem Cells

The Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ashley Cullum Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) occurs when the body’s immune system erroneously targets its own tissues, causing widespread inflammation and tissue damage systemically. Central to SLE pathogenesis are dysregulated protein kinase pathways, precipitating proliferation of T cells, particularly CD4+ T cells, which promote a cascade of pro-inflammatory cytokines,…
Inflammation Stem Cells

Moving Past the Transplant: How Various Stem Cell Therapy Strategies are Complementing, Challenging, and Enhancing the Field of Cardiomyocyte Remuscularization after Heart Failure

Jordan Newman Background: Heart failure (HF) is the world’s leading cause of death1 and the most common diagnosis for hospital admissions over the age of 65 in developed countries.2 The permanent nature of cardiomyocytes renders cell death from HF a permanent cellular outcome with no cure. As a result, efforts…
Cardiology Featured Abstracts Stem Cells

Utilization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Disc Degeneration by Modulation of the WNT Signaling Pathway

Val Lumani Background:  Intervertebral disc degeneration is a leading cause of back pain worldwide2. Its underlying molecular mechanisms consists of a myriad of pathways, one of the main ones being degeneration of the nucleus pulposus and it’s extracellular matrix2. The nucleus pulposus (NP) consists of type II collagen and proteoglycans,…
Neuroscience Orthopedics Stem Cells

Osteoarthritis Treatment: The Role of the WNT and BMP Pathways in Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Jerry Liu Background: Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent chronic joint disease3, and is a leading cause of disability in older adults.1 OA involves the entire joint and works by causing articular cartilage loss.3 Pain, along with loss of range of motion, are both major symptoms of osteoarthritis.1,2 First-line treatment involves…
Featured Abstracts Orthopedics Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Michael Biskup Introduction. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory reaction of the lungs to cellular damage. ARDS commonly develops after trauma, infection, pleuritis, and aspiration. Hypoxemic respiratory failure is a defining characteristic. In the beginning stages of ARDS, the body releases inflammatory mediators such as IL-1. Neutrophils then…
Engineering Medicine Respiratory Stem Cells