Ikanke-abasi James Introduction. Sports injuries, accidental trauma, genetic defects, and aging are the most common causes of damage to articular cartilage and bony tissue. The incidence of hospitalized patient bone fractures is estimated to be 1 million in the United States. Surgery is the leading form of treatment. However, the risks associated with surgery include: […]
Category: Stem Cells
Hypoxia Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells: The Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Michael Boyd Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that arises from the deterioration or absence of cartilage in a joint. The resultant joint has 2 boney surfaces rubbing against one another, resulting in inefficient and painful movement for the patient1. The 2 bones then frequently undergo aberrant subchondral bone remodeling, making the problem worse. OA […]
Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cardiac Repair
Javier Benitez Introduction: Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a major public health problem that results in cardiac remodeling and resulting impaired heart function. Current treatment aims to prevent maladaptive pathways, but not seek to compensate for the loss of myocardium1. The use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) has proven to be a beneficial therapy to prevent […]
MSCs Trigger Cytokine Signaling Cascade to Create Favorable Niche for Osteogenesis
Courtney Beard Introduction: Use of stem cells to repair or regenerate orthopedic tissue recently has become an area of intense research due to the high prevalence of tissue defects and injury. While bone tissue has been shown to be an extremely capable tissue when it comes to regeneration, large bony defect repair continues to be […]
Paracrine factors and mitochondrial transfer from mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate acute respiratory distress syndrome
Amanda Edinger Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a lung condition characterized by bilateral lung infiltrates that results in hypoxia. ARDS can be secondary to a variety of disease processes or direct lung damage, however, the disease is characterized by diffuse alveolar damage leading to inefficient oxygen exchange between at the alveolar-capillary interface. Throughout […]