Category: Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

June 24, 2022 Michael Biskup
Michael Biskup Introduction. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory reaction of the lungs to cellular damage. ARDS commonly develops after trauma, infection, pleuritis, and aspiration. Hypoxemic respiratory failure is a defining characteristic. In the beginning stages of ARDS, the body releases inflammatory mediators such as IL-1. Neutrophils then…
Engineering Medicine Respiratory Stem Cells

Tumorigenic Remodeling of Intestinal Stem Cell Crypts and its Therapeutic Potential in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

June 20, 2022 Joshua Nedelisky
Joshua Nedelisky Introduction. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disease resulting from a germline mutation within the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene.1,2 APC loss results in dysregulated cell proliferation via constitutive activation of the WNT/β-catenin signaling, causing prolific intestinal polyp expression and a definitive lifetime risk of colorectal…
Cancer Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles Improve Achilles Tendon Healing Through Modulation of the M1/M2 Macrophage Ratio

June 16, 2022 Daniel Lindahl
Daniel Lindahl Introduction: Achilles tendon ruptures are extremely prevalent in both athletes and the general populace, accounting for 20% of all large tendon ruptures.1 Both surgical and non-surgical treatment are aimed at approximating tendon edges to promote healing, however re-rupture rates remain high due to unresolved inflammation.1,2 Macrophages play a…
Immunology Orthopedics Stem Cells

Novel 2D Beta Cell Differentiation Method Promotes Mature Beta Cell Differentiation from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Controlling Cytoskeletal Polymerization States with Latrunculin A to Restore Normoglycemia to Diabetic Mice

June 12, 2022 Andrew Krueger
Andrew Krueger Introduction: Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body’s immune system attacks its own beta cells due to a variety of environmental and genetic causes that are yet to be fully understood1, 2. The result is complete destruction of the beta cells and eventually complete insulin insufficiency and dependance…
Endocrinology Stem Cells

Mechanical Vibration Induces Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Osteoblasts at the Expense of Adipocyte Differentiation through Activation of Wnt Pathway and Inhibition of PPARgamma Nuclear Hormone Receptor in Osteoporotic Bone

May 31, 2022 Dakota Doucet
Dakota Doucet Introduction. Osteoporosis (OP) in post-menopausal women causes abnormally low bone mineral density, bone fragility, and high bone marrow adipocyte content. With 54 million currently afflicted in the United States and another 120 million predicted to suffer from OP by 2050 in China1, substantial efforts have been directed towards…
Orthopedics Stem Cells

The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Immunomodulatory Potency to Promote Pancreatic Islet Cell Health of Type 1 Diabetes

May 31, 2022 Mia Aguilar
Mia Aguilar Introduction. The chronic-autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) affects millions of people worldwide with incident rates continuing to rise 3-4% every year over the past 30 years.1 Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) presenting β cell peptides to autoreactive CD4+ T lymphocytes in the pancreatic lymph nodes. Attachment of…
Endocrinology Immunology Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based Therapy for Osteoarthritis: Modulating Osteoinduction via Wnt Signaling Pathway

May 29, 2022 Sarah Abduljabbar
Sarah Abduljabbar Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a whole joint disease, involving structural alterations in the hyaline articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments, capsule, synovium, and periarticular muscles.[1] It is the leading cause of pain and disability in adults. The hallmarks of OA include joint space narrowing, osteophyte formation, subchondral sclerosis, and…
Orthopedics Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress T-Cell Activation/Proliferation via PD-1/PD-L1 in Fibrotic Conditions such as Systemic Sclerosis.

August 5, 2021 James Risinger
James Risinger Introduction. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an immune-mediated that is uncommon, but has a high morbidity and mortality1. The common clinical presentation of SSc includes perioral soft tissue loss, sclerodactyly, facial telangiectasis, dilated nail-fold capillaries, extensive calcinosis cutis1. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common complication of systemic sclerosis and the…
Immunology Respiratory Stem Cells